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1994-11-13
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50KB
Date: Sun, 21 Aug 94 23:00:54 PDT
From: Info-Hams Mailing List and Newsgroup <info-hams@ucsd.edu>
Errors-To: Info-Hams-Errors@UCSD.Edu
Reply-To: Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu
Precedence: Bulk
Subject: Info-Hams Digest V94 #943
To: Info-Hams
Info-Hams Digest Sun, 21 Aug 94 Volume 94 : Issue 943
Today's Topics:
Canadian or Mexican Scanner Laws?
Daily Summary of Solar Geophysical Activity for 20 August
FCC license renewal processing time data point
IPS Daily Report - 21 August 94
learning CW
Mobile Radio Theft Insurance?
Mods for Standard C228A?
Radio Interface to Internet?
rec.radio.amateur.misc Frequently Asked Questions (Part 1 of 3)
Shuttle Freqs
TEK 486 300Mhz Oscilloscope Sale/Swap
Whence QST?
Which group for BBC?
Send Replies or notes for publication to: <Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu>
Send subscription requests to: <Info-Hams-REQUEST@UCSD.Edu>
Problems you can't solve otherwise to brian@ucsd.edu.
Archives of past issues of the Info-Hams Digest are available
(by FTP only) from UCSD.Edu in directory "mailarchives/info-hams".
We trust that readers are intelligent enough to realize that all text
herein consists of personal comments and does not represent the official
policies or positions of any party. Your mileage may vary. So there.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 22 Aug 1994 03:38:35 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!usc!nic-nac.CSU.net!g9153402@network.ucsd.edu
Subject: Canadian or Mexican Scanner Laws?
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
Does anyone know of the laws in Canada or Mexico about stores being
able to sell radio scanners that are modifiable to scan the cellular
spectrum? I'm curious here. Is it as tough as the U.S. law, which
I now think makes it illegal to sell this product as of April, 1994,
once all existing stock is depleted.
Would anyone think U.S. Customs would confiscate such a device, if
one was to try to bring one back that they purchased? Does customs
go about confiscating radios? In my experience in traveling to
Canada, I've never had a problem coming back to the U.S. I've
been through Vancouver & Toronto airports, and each time U.S. Customs
seems to just wave me by, sometimes not even wanting to see my ID
or airplane ticket.
Any answers?
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 21 Aug 1994 16:49:30 MDT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!wupost!gumby!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!alberta!ve6mgs!usenet@network.ucsd.edu
Subject: Daily Summary of Solar Geophysical Activity for 20 August
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
DAILY SUMMARY OF SOLAR GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY
20 AUGUST, 1994
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
(Based In-Part On SESC Observational Data)
SOLAR AND GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY INDICES FOR 20 AUGUST, 1994
----------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: Energetic electron fluence at greater than 2 MeV continues at moderate
levels.
!!BEGIN!! (1.0) S.T.D. Solar Geophysical Data Broadcast for DAY 232, 08/20/94
10.7 FLUX=072.3 90-AVG=078 SSN=058 BKI=1232 1112 BAI=006
BGND-XRAY=A3.0 FLU1=7.2E+05 FLU10=1.3E+04 PKI=1332 2222 PAI=007
BOU-DEV=005,015,021,013,005,008,008,018 DEV-AVG=011 NT SWF=00:000
XRAY-MAX= B1.1 @ 1348UT XRAY-MIN= A2.0 @ 2109UT XRAY-AVG= A3.7
NEUTN-MAX= +003% @ 0845UT NEUTN-MIN= -001% @ 2310UT NEUTN-AVG= +0.3%
PCA-MAX= +0.2DB @ 1705UT PCA-MIN= -0.3DB @ 1955UT PCA-AVG= +0.0DB
BOUTF-MAX=55224NT @ 2358UT BOUTF-MIN=55191NT @ 1738UT BOUTF-AVG=55213NT
GOES7-MAX=P:+000NT@ 0000UT GOES7-MIN=N:+000NT@ 0000UT G7-AVG=+081,+000,+000
GOES6-MAX=P:+140NT@ 2038UT GOES6-MIN=N:-022NT@ 2256UT G6-AVG=+109,+030,-006
FLUXFCST=STD:070,070,070;SESC:075,075,075 BAI/PAI-FCST=005,005,005/007,007,012
KFCST=1213 3112 1213 3112 27DAY-AP=007,009 27DAY-KP=2221 2233 3222 3223
WARNINGS=
ALERTS=
!!END-DATA!!
NOTE: The Effective Sunspot Number for 19 AUG 94 was 25.0.
The Full Kp Indices for 19 AUG 94 are: 2- 2o 1+ 1+ 1+ 2- 2- 2-
The 3-Hr Ap Indices for 19 AUG 94 are: 6 8 5 5 5 6 7 6
Greater than 2 MeV Electron Fluence for 20 AUG is: 1.4E+08
SYNOPSIS OF ACTIVITY
--------------------
Solar activity was at very low levels.
Solar activity forecast: solar activity is expected to be
at very low levels. Region 7767 is the most probable region to
produce a C class event.
The geomagnetic field has been at mostly quiet levels
for the past 24 hours.
Geophysical activity forecast: the geomagnetic field is
expected to be at mostly quiet levels.
Event probabilities 21 aug-23 aug
Class M 10/05/01
Class X 01/01/01
Proton 01/01/01
PCAF Green
Geomagnetic activity probabilities 21 aug-23 aug
A. Middle Latitudes
Active 15/15/15
Minor Storm 10/10/10
Major-Severe Storm 01/01/01
B. High Latitudes
Active 20/20/20
Minor Storm 10/10/10
Major-Severe Storm 05/05/05
HF propagation conditions were normal over all regions.
No changes are expected over the next 72 hours. The threat for
flare-related short wave fadeouts is only slight as Region 7765
spends the next 24 hours rotating behind the west solar limb.
Near-normal propagation will continue over the next 72 hours,
through 23 August inclusive.
COPIES OF JOINT USAF/NOAA SESC SOLAR GEOPHYSICAL REPORTS
========================================================
REGIONS WITH SUNSPOTS. LOCATIONS VALID AT 20/2400Z AUGUST
---------------------------------------------------------
NMBR LOCATION LO AREA Z LL NN MAG TYPE
7764 S06W55 358 0020 HRX 01 003 ALPHA
7765 S13W90 033 0050 AXX 01 002 ALPHA
7767 S13W08 311 0070 DAO 07 010 BETA
7768 S13E01 302 0010 BXO 03 003 BETA
7766 N09W35 338 PLAGE
REGIONS DUE TO RETURN 21 AUGUST TO 23 AUGUST
NMBR LAT LO
NONE
LISTING OF SOLAR ENERGETIC EVENTS FOR 20 AUGUST, 1994
-----------------------------------------------------
BEGIN MAX END RGN LOC XRAY OP 245MHZ 10CM SWEEP
NONE
POSSIBLE CORONAL MASS EJECTION EVENTS FOR 20 AUGUST, 1994
---------------------------------------------------------
BEGIN MAX END LOCATION TYPE SIZE DUR II IV
NO EVENTS OBSERVED
INFERRED CORONAL HOLES. LOCATIONS VALID AT 20/2400Z
---------------------------------------------------
ISOLATED HOLES AND POLAR EXTENSIONS
EAST SOUTH WEST NORTH CAR TYPE POL AREA OBSN
NO DATA AVAILABLE FOR ANALYSIS
SUMMARY OF FLARE EVENTS FOR THE PREVIOUS UTC DAY
------------------------------------------------
Date Begin Max End Xray Op Region Locn 2695 MHz 8800 MHz 15.4 GHz
------ ---- ---- ---- ---- -- ------ ------ --------- --------- ---------
19 Aug: 0026 0031 0036 B4.8 SF 7765 S09W70
0200 0258 0300 M1.6 SF 7765 S09W67
0446 0456 0502 B4.7
0928 0936 0944 B1.9
1555 1559 1601 B1.2
2036 2040 2043 B1.1
2148 2152 2156 B7.6
2258 2301 2303 B4.8
REGION FLARE STATISTICS FOR THE PREVIOUS UTC DAY
------------------------------------------------
C M X S 1 2 3 4 Total (%)
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- ------
Region 7765: 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 002 (25.0)
Uncorrellated: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 006 (75.0)
Total Events: 008 optical and x-ray.
EVENTS WITH SWEEPS AND/OR OPTICAL PHENOMENA FOR THE LAST UTC DAY
----------------------------------------------------------------
Date Begin Max End Xray Op Region Locn Sweeps/Optical Observations
------ ---- ---- ---- ---- -- ------ ------ ---------------------------
NO EVENTS OBSERVED.
NOTES:
All times are in Universal Time (UT). Characters preceding begin, max,
and end times are defined as: B = Before, U = Uncertain, A = After.
All times associated with x-ray flares (ex. flares which produce
associated x-ray bursts) refer to the begin, max, and end times of the
x-rays. Flares which are not associated with x-ray signatures use the
optical observations to determine the begin, max, and end times.
Acronyms used to identify sweeps and optical phenomena include:
II = Type II Sweep Frequency Event
III = Type III Sweep
IV = Type IV Sweep
V = Type V Sweep
Continuum = Continuum Radio Event
Loop = Loop Prominence System,
Spray = Limb Spray,
Surge = Bright Limb Surge,
EPL = Eruptive Prominence on the Limb.
** End of Daily Report **
------------------------------
Date: 22 Aug 1994 02:20:13 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!newsfeed.ksu.ksu.edu!moe.ksu.ksu.edu!wizard.uark.edu!comp!plaws@network.ucsd.edu
Subject: FCC license renewal processing time data point
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
vaughnwt@olympus.net (Bill Vaughn) writes:
>MY last HAM class all recieved there license in four weeks. This was at the
>time everyone here was screaming about a 17 week delay. I never saw it. The
>FCC seems to be in gear now and working pretty smooth. Now is a good time to
>send a letter to the FCC recognizing good work. Or we could just be a bunch of
>whiners that only squawk when things aren't going just right. My letter is in
>the e- mail.
You never saw it because your class lucked out.
Details were posted here several weeks ago, to paraphrase: Once the FCC's
new license processing system went on line, they brought in temps. At
first the temps were not informed of the FIFO policy. They just went at
it! That situation was quickly rectified, but in the meantime, a whole
bunch of folks got their tickets in <7 weeks.
There are still hundreds (thousands?) that have been waiting mu-u-uch
longer. One of my friends passed Tech at the Tulsa hamfest on 21 May and
has yet to receive his license. That's 91 days today.
ARRL VEC, are you listening?
Peter Laws<plaws@comp.uark.edu>|"Suppose you were a politician. Now suppose you
n5uwy@ka5bml.#nwar.ar.usa.noam |were an idiot. Ah, but I repeat myself."-Twain
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 21 Aug 1994 23:39:59 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!agate!msuinfo!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!news.cs.su.oz.au!metro!ipso!rwc@network.ucsd.edu
Subject: IPS Daily Report - 21 August 94
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
SUBJ: IPS DAILY SOLAR AND GEOPHYSICAL REPORT
ISSUED AT 21/2330Z AUGUST 1994 BY IPS RADIO AND SPACE SERVICES
FROM THE REGIONAL WARNING CENTRE (RWC), SYDNEY.
SUMMARY FOR 21 AUGUST AND FORECAST FOR 22 AUGUST - 24 AUGUST
-----------------------------------------------------------
1A. SOLAR SUMMARY
Activity: low
Flares: none.
Observed 10.7 cm flux/Equivalent Sunspot Number : 71/6
GOES satellite data for 20 Aug
Daily Proton Fluence >1 MeV: 7.2E+05
Daily Proton Fluence >10 MeV: 1.3E+04
Daily Electron Fluence >2 MeV: 1.4E+08
X-ray background: A3.0
Fluence (flux accumulation over 24hrs)/ cm2-ster-day.
1B. SOLAR FORECAST
22 Aug 23 Aug 24 Aug
Activity Very low Very low Very low
Fadeouts None expected None expected None expected
Forecast 10.7 cm flux/Equivalent Sunspot Number for 22 Aug: 70/5
-----------------------------------------------------------
2A. MAGNETIC SUMMARY
Geomagnetic field at Learmonth: no data is available.
Estimated Indices : A K Observed A Index 20 Aug
Learmonth -- ---- ----
Fredericksburg 7 8
Planetary 8 7
Observed Kp for 20 Aug: 1332 2222
2B. MAGNETIC FORECAST
DATE Ap CONDITIONS
22 Aug 10 Quiet to unsettled
23 Aug 12 Unsettled
24 Aug 15 Unsettled to active
-----------------------------------------------------------
3A. GLOBAL HF PROPAGATION SUMMARY
LATITUDE BAND
DATE LOW MIDDLE HIGH
21 Aug normal normal normal
PCA Event : None.
3B. GLOBAL HF PROPAGATION FORECAST
LATITUDE BAND
DATE LOW MIDDLE HIGH
22 Aug normal normal normal-fair
23 Aug normal normal normal-fair
24 Aug normal normal normal-fair
-----------------------------------------------------------
4A. AUSTRALIAN REGION IONOSPHERIC SUMMARY
Observed
DATE T-index MUFs at Canberra
21 Aug 26 near predicted monthly values
Predicted Monthly T-index for August: 20
4B. AUSTRALIAN REGION IONOSPHERIC FORECAST
DATE T-index MUFs
22 Aug 20 Near predicted monthly values
23 Aug 20 Near predicted monthly values
24 Aug 20 Near predicted monthly values
--
IPS Regional Warning Centre, Sydney |IPS Radio and Space Services
RWC Duty Forecaster tel: +61 2 4148329 |PO Box 5606
Recorded Message tel: +61 2 4148330 |West Chatswood NSW 2057
email: rwc@ips.oz.au fax: +61 2 4148331 |AUSTRALIA
------------------------------
Date: 22 Aug 1994 03:52:19 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!dog.ee.lbl.gov!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!geraldo.cc.utexas.edu!astro.as.utexas.edu!oo7@network.ucsd.edu
Subject: learning CW
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
We see a lot of requests here for computer programs by people interested
in learning "the code". Some of us real oldies who were born before
there were such things as computers learned our CW by listening on the
air to real people sending real code, and perhaps some people still
learn it that way these days.
I'm curious to know whether those who learn it from computer programs
that send perfect code in a quiet room find it a shock once they get
on the air and have to contend with real people sending code, fading
signals, QRM, all that stuff? Is it easy to make the transition to
the real world?
Perhaps it helps to learn the code without the distractions, but it
must be a shock to some people - does this turn people off using it
even after they have passed a code test?
I realize that computer programs can tell you the speed at which you
are copying, and can be programmed to send other than the standard
ham QSO material that you hear on the air all the time and which is
not always the most exciting text to copy, and I suppose a compromise
is the W1AW code practise sessions (which I used so as to figure out
my code copying speed).
Anyone have any real data on this? Do people who teach the code ever
use real radios in class, and do teachers even have students send code?
Derek Wills (AA5BT, G3NMX)
Department of Astronomy, University of Texas,
Austin TX 78712. (512-471-1392)
oo7@astro.as.utexas.edu
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 22 Aug 1994 02:11:29 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!csus.edu!netcom.com!carreiro@network.ucsd.edu
Subject: Mobile Radio Theft Insurance?
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
Macy Hallock (macy@telemax.com) wrote:
: Don't know if this is useful to you in your case. You might also want
: to ask about such coverage as an adjunct to your homeowners insurance.
: It's not the much different than fine art or jewelry coverage. The
: issues are the cost per $100, the deductible, and claims procedures.
On that note, I'd like to caution everyone who thinks that their homeowner's
insurance policy "personal property" coverage will cover mobile gear.
I had assumed that my Allstate coverage, which covered personal property
outside the home (up to 10% of the personal property value, ie: $50,000
personal property coverage yields $5,000 coverage for property outside
the home), would cover my mobile radio gear.
Unfortunately I had a chance to test out that policy early this year.
4 rigs, antennas and a scanner taken. I went though the entire process
of making a claim, providing receipts, serial numbers and pictures.
Thoughout the process I was given the impression that there would be no
problem. Then, right when I thought I would receive my settlement,
they came up with a clause in the policy that said something to the effect
that they do not cover any equipment that gets its power from the car
battery and reproduces audio. They directed me to my auto insurance which
to no suprise said if it was not previously declared on the policy, they
would not cover it.
My point: I would have attained other insurance if I had known that my
personal property coverage did not cover "gear that gets its power from
the car's battery, and reproduces audio".
Don't fall into that gap!
Hopeing your mobiles are safe, secure and insured (as mine now are!)....
73 for now. Paul N6HCS
--
carreiro@netcom.com
N6HCS@N0ARY.#NOCAL.CA.USA.NA
------------------------------
Date: 22 Aug 1994 02:13:48 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!library.ucla.edu!ucsbuxb.ucsb.edu!mcl!uznerk@network.ucsd.edu
Subject: Mods for Standard C228A?
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
Subject says it all. I just picked up a Standard C228A 2m/220 HT
and I'm wondering if there are any mods available. I've seen mods for
the sister HT C528A but not for the 228.
Thanks in advance!
Andy
--
Andrew Krenz KE6BIP | Warning: This signature file has been determined
uznerk@mcl.ucsb.edu | to cause cancer in laboratory animals.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 22 Aug 1994 02:33:08 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!csus.edu!netcom.com!sethr@network.ucsd.edu
Subject: Radio Interface to Internet?
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
Ok this might be a really dumb question - but I am going to ask it anyway.
If one needed to download truly large files from the Internet (say in the
range of 100 files of 50 megs each every day) - then the first thing that
jumps to mind is - direct connect and bring in a T1 trunk from the *phone
company* and lease it for about $900 per month - right?
Is this actually the most economical way to do it? Couldn't an enterprising
network provider who is already hooked up to the net just interface with a
radio transmitter that could put data on the air waves and allow anyone with a
receiver/modem to pick it up for the cost of the equipment and the cost
to the network provider? Hey I told you it was a dumb question before
you started reading!
*****************************************************************
Click-On-Us (tm) Voice: 206.235.6119
The Print Broker of the Internet Fax: 206.227.6608
Email: sethr@netcom.com Addr: Renton, Washington
Find "The World List of Desktop Publishers" on the Web
URL=ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/conus/click.html
*****************************************************************
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 22 Aug 1994 05:12:02 GMT
From: amd!amdahl!amdahl.uts.amdahl.com!netnews@decwrl.dec.com
Subject: rec.radio.amateur.misc Frequently Asked Questions (Part 1 of 3)
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
Posted-By: auto-faq 3.1.1.4
Archive-name: radio/ham-radio/faq/part1
Rec.radio.amateur.misc Frequently Asked Questions
Part 1 - Introduction to the FAQ and Amateur Radio
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This is a regular posting of frequently-asked questions (FAQ) about Amateur
Radio, also known as Ham Radio. It is intended to summarize some common
questions on the rec.radio.amateur.misc newsgroup and Info-Hams mail list
as well as to help beginners get started.
Please provide a copy of the FAQ to any new or soon-to-be Hams you know.
Regular FAQ postings can help save network bandwidth and maintain a good
signal-to-noise ratio in the newsgroup. However, they can't do it alone - you,
the reader, have to use them.
* If you are a new user, please print and review the FAQ articles and look at
the instructions in the news.announce.newusers newsgroup before posting any
articles. If you don't find the answer in the FAQ and you have tried
elsewhere, then you have "done your homework" and it is acceptable to ask
the question on the UseNet newsgroups. Along with your question, please
state where else you have looked for the answer so others also know that
you have done your homework.
* If you are an experienced user, please help by refraining from answering
frequently-asked questions on the newsgroup if they are already answered by
the FAQ articles. Instead, send e-mail to the user who asked the question.
(It will be helpful if you include the part of the FAQ that answers their
question, but not the whole thing.)
The FAQ cannot always prevent people from posting repetitive questions. But
even if hundreds of questions get posted, it saves you from having to answer
them hundreds of times. Also, a friendly pointer to the FAQ in your first
answer can help that person refer to the FAQ in the future. That is when we
can begin to get a real savings of network bandwidth.
To reduce the size of each article, the FAQ information is posted in 3 parts:
Part 1 - Introduction to the FAQ and Amateur Radio
Part 2 - Amateur Radio Organizations, Services, and Information Sources
Part 3 - Amateur Radio Advanced and Technical Questions
Table of Contents
-----------------
Dates indicate last modification.
Part 1 - Introduction to the FAQ and Amateur Radio
** Table of Contents (6/93)
** Introduction to the FAQ (11/92)
* How to Contribute to the FAQ Articles (6/93)
* Do Not Ask Questions of the Editors (8/94)
* Acknowledgements (6/93)
* Notes on "Netiquette" (1/93)
** What is Amateur Radio? (11/92)
** Who can become a ham? (6/93)
** Where can I locate information and books on Amateur Radio? (9/93)
** How much does it cost? (9/92)
** Where can I take the tests? (9/93)
** What are the tests like? (6/93)
** What can I do with a ham radio license? (5/92)
** What can't I do with an Amateur Radio license? (pre-4/92)
** I'm interested, who will help me? (11/92)
** Should I build my own equipment or antenna? (11/92)
Part 2 - Amateur Radio Organizations, Services, and Information Sources
** Where can I find Ham Radio information with a computer? (8/94)
* Mosaic, World-Wide Web, Gopher, and WAIS (8/94)
* The rec.radio.* newsgroups (2/94)
* The ARRL e-mail server (1/93)
* The KA6ETB e-mail "HAM-server" (2/94)
* The Internet File Transfer Protocol (FTP) (2/94)
* Access to FTP archives via electronic mail (1/93)
* The Ham-Radio mail list: rec.radio.amateur.misc by mail (9/93)
* Telephone BBS's with Ham-related information (9/93)
* Callsign servers and geographical name servers (1/94)
* FTP access to FCC Part 97 and FCC Amateur Radio question pools (1/94)
* Lists of radio modifications and extensions (2/94)
** Can I send ARRL or W5YI electronic mail? (11/92)
** "Why doesn't the ARRL do...?" (11/92)
** What magazines are available for Ham Radio? (pre-4/92)
** How do I use the incoming and outgoing QSL bureau? (11/92)
** Are there any news groups for CAP? (11/92)
** What's the name of the QRP club that issues QRP numbers? (9/93)
** How do I become a 10-10 member? (9/93)
** How do I join MARS? (9/93)
** How do I join RACES? (pre-4/92)
** What organizations are available to help handicapped hams? (pre-4/92)
** I am looking for a specific ham, can anyone help me find him? (6/93)
** Can I post my neat new ham related program on rec.radio.amateur.misc?
(pre-4/92)
** Where can I get ham radio software for my computer? (9/93)
** Are there Dialup News services or BBSs for Amateur Radio? (4/92)
** Where can I find VE sessions in my local area? (9/93)
** Why isn't XXX available electronically? (1/94)
** I'd like to volunteer to help ham radio through electronic
information services like those mentioned in this FAQ list.
Where should I start? (2/94)
Part 3 - Amateur Radio Advanced and Technical Questions
** What are the different US amateur classes and what can each of them do?
(pre-4/92)
** What is the best way to learn Morse Code? (10/92)
** What is the standard for measuring Morse code speed? (pre-4/92)
** What is the standard phonetic alphabet? (new 9/93)
** I'm confused. What do all those abbreviations mean??? (6/93)
** What do all those "tones" mean? (pre-4/92)
** Where can I learn more about Amateur Radio if I live outside the US?
(9/93)
** How can I get a "reciprocal license" if I am a licensed ham from another
country or if I am a FCC licensed ham who wants to operate in another
country (on vacation)? (9/93)
** My apartment or housing complex does not allow outdoor antennas, now what
do I do? (9/93)
** I got TVI...HELP!!! (9/93)
** Did you know that you can get college credit for being a ham? (pre-4/92)
** On what frequencies do JPL and GSFC retransmit the shuttle audio?
(10/92)
** Can I take my HT on an airplane and operate it if I get the permission
of the captain? (4/92)
** How do I modify my current Amateur license? (9/93)
** I'm confused about XXX, should I ask the FCC? (9/93)
** Is there any information on antique radios? (pre-4/92)
** Where can I buy vacuum tubes? (9/93)
** What do I need to get started in packet radio? (9/93)
** What do I need to get started in satellite communications? (9/93)
** What is available to get started in ATV, SSTV and WEFAX? (9/93)
** What are these contests I sometimes hear, and how do I participate? (9/93)
--Rec.radio.amateur.misc Frequently-asked Questions------------------Part 1--
** Introduction to the FAQ
* How to Contribute to the FAQ Articles
We accept suggestions from the Amateur Radio community. Please
consider that all new contributions need to be SHORT and concise
in order to be included. If a contribution is too long, the FAQ
editors can help you find a more appropriate FTP archive or mail
server for your article.
We always accept corrections. Please allow some time (often not
the next issue of the FAQ) because the FAQ maintainers do this as
volunteers so each must give higher priority to their employers.
Send correspondence to hamradio-faq@amdahl.com so that it will
reach all the FAQ coordinators: (listed in alphabetical order)
Ed Hare KA1CV ehare@arrl.org (Newington, CT, USA)
Jack GF Hill W4PPT root@jackatak.raider.net(Brentwood, TN, USA)
Ian Kluft KD6EUI ikluft@oes.amdahl.com (Santa Clara, CA, USA)
Paul Schleck KD3FU pschleck@gonix.com (Omaha, NE, USA)
Chris Swartout N6WCP cas30@uts.amdahl.com (San Jose, CA, USA)
Steve Watt KD6GGD steve@wattres.sj.ca.us (San Jose, CA, USA)
Rosalie White WA1STO rwhite@arrl.org (Newington, CT, USA)
Derek Wills AA5BT oo7@astro.as.utexas.edu (Austin, TX, USA)
* Do Not Ask Questions of the Editors
We wish it wasn't necessary to say this. Please don't send questions
to the editors (unless you are sending an answer with it as a
submission for the FAQ.) The proper procedure for questions on UseNet
is 1) Read the FAQ, 2) if it isn't there, check other sources, and
3) post on the newsgroup.
The Internet has become an atmoshpere where questions are asked of
everyone as if they have an infinite amount of time to help. The
volunteers who maintain the FAQ do not have time to answer questions.
Some FAQ maintainers on the Net have been led to believe that no
good deed goes unpunished - let's avoid bringing the same end to this
effort.
* Acknowledgements
All questions listed as modified "pre-4/92" are entirely Diana
Carlson KC1SP's work or her editing of a contributor's work. Diana
established this FAQ and credit is due to her for founding this
project.
Thanks to Devon Bowen KA2NRC for accepting this FAQ in e-mail every
month to keep the FTP archive at ftp.cs.buffalo.edu up-to-date.
* Notes on "Netiquette"
The rec.radio.amateur.misc newsgroup and Info-Hams mail list have a
large daily volume of traffic. They can operate more efficiently if
the following netiquette guidelines are followed. Please take them
seriously.
* If you are new to UseNet, the introductory articles in
news.announce.newusers are required reading. Go to that newsgroup
now. Definitely, read the instructions there before posting
anything. Other rec.radio.amateur.* readers will appreciate it!
* Pick the right newsgroup. Use only the most specific newsgroup
for your subject. For example, a question about a homebrew antenna
only needs to be posted to rec.radio.amateur.antenna. Also, don't
post to rec.radio.amateur.misc when the subject can go in another
rec.radio.amateur.* newsgroup. So, when there is a more specific
newsgroup, that's the one you want.
* When posting a followup article, ALWAYS try to minimize the number
of lines of quoted material from the original article.
* As a general rule when you try to determine whether to reply to
someone by e-mail or with a followup article, remember to "praise in
public, criticize in private." It's OK to disagree technically but
be careful not to attack the person with whom you disagree. Also,
be careful with your use of the word "you" when posting a follow-up
article. Many unnecessary flame wars have started that way.
* Use a descriptive subject. For example, a message subject of "Ham
Radio" tells the reader NOTHING about the contents of your article
since the whole newsgroup is about Ham Radio. Other examples of
subjects which are so broad that they become useless could include,
"Help," "A Question," "Antennas," or "Frequencies." Maybe "Books on
Antennas?" or "Where can I find Repeater Frequencies?" would be
better, for example. Remember, in a busy newsgroup a lot of users
decide which articles to read from the subject line alone. If you
post, don't deprive yourself of an audience!
* Before answering a question, check if the FAQ adequately answers it
or if someone else already answered it. If you have more to add,
make sure to reference either the FAQ or the related articles.
* If a user posts a question which is directly answered by the FAQ,
there is no need to post an answer - the information is already
available on the newsgroup. Instead, just send an e-mail message
which politely explains where to find the FAQ. They will probably
appreciate it if you include the answer to their question. (Don't
send a "nastygram" - that would just discourage future participa-
tion.)
* Pay attention to the size of your audience - use the "Distribution:"
header. If you leave it blank, your message will go to every civ-
ilized country in the world and occupy disk space in all news sys-
tems in all those places. If that's what you intend, that's fine
but make sure your article is relevant outside your country. (In
particular, Hams should already know there is more to the world than
just their own country.)
* If you have an item for sale, please limit the distribution area so
that, for example, an article about a radio for sale in New Jersey
won't get to California or Europe. If you wish, you may cross-post
your for-sale article to rec.radio.swap.
* Software sources should be posted to either alt.sources,
comp.sources.misc, or comp.sources.* for a specific machine type.
Software binaries should be posted to the appropriate subgroup of
comp.binaries.
** What is Amateur Radio?
Amateur Radio is a non-commercial radio communication service whose
primary aims are public service, technical training and experimenta-
tion, and communication between private persons. Amateur Radio opera-
tors are commonly called hams. Hams often communicate with each other
recreationally but also provide communications for others at public
events or in times of emergency or disaster.
** Who can become a ham?
The answer to this question differs in every country.
The answer for the USA is listed below. If your country has
a newsgroup specifically for it (i.e. UK, Australia, Germany)
the most accurate answers can be found there. See Part 2 for
the list of region-specific newsgroups.
If that doesn't help, the American Radio Relay League (ARRL)
may be able to help because they communicate with similar
organizations in other countries, probably including yours.
They can be reached by electronic mail or surface mail (see
Part 2.)
In the USA, anyone who is not a representative of a foreign
government can be an Amateur Radio operator. There are tests
that you must pass to get a license, however the tests are not
insurmountable. On that general level, the requirements are
probably similar in almost every country.
For more information on becoming a Ham in the USA, the ARRL
has a toll-free number where you can request information:
1-800-32-NEW-HAM (don't worry about the number being one digit
too long - the phone system ignores it.) Other information
can also be obtained from the ARRL e-mail information server in
the file called PROSPECT. Details on the server are in Part 2.
** Where can I locate information and books on Amateur Radio?
Your local Radio Shack sells some ham radios and Amateur Radio
license books. Books can also be obtained through the mail
from ham radio organizations, such as ARRL in Newington, CT
(203-666-1541) and W5YI in Dallas, TX (1-800-669-9594). There
may be one or two ham radio stores in the local area (ie,
within 50 miles). Try looking in the Yellow Pages under Radio
Communications.
For the Novice license, get a Novice License manual, plus 5-word-per-
minute Morse code tapes, costing around $25. For the Technician lic-
ense, get a combined Novice and Technician License manual, and an FCC
Rules manual, costing around $32. The FCC Rules manual is a good idea
for Novice also, but not necessary, since the Novice License manual
contains all the FCC Rules that are required for the Novice License.
The ARRL Education Activities Department has several programs to
help amateurs (or prospective amateurs) to get started. Ask for a
"New prospect package" available free of charge, from ARRL HQ,
Educational Activities Department, 225 Main St, Newington, CT 06111.
Information on Ham Radio can also be obtained with your computer.
Part 2 of this FAQ contains a significant amount of material on
that subject.
** How much does it cost?
To take the tests for any class of amateur radio license, there is
a small charge (around $5-$6 currently) to cover copying costs and
running the testing sessions. (Due to changes in 1993, Novice tests
are under same procedures as the others.) The cost of a radio is
really dependent on what you want to do. You can make your own radio
and antenna for under $150. You can buy a used single-band radio for
$150-$300. Or you can buy a new multi-band multi-mode radio with all
the doodads for $300-$3000. I'd suggest you learn more about ham
radio, talk to local hams, find out what you want to do with ham
radio first.
** Where can I take the tests?
The Novice tests Used to be given by any two qualified hams of General
class license or above. Now all the license tests are given by
three qualified Volunteer Examiners (VEs) who volunteer their time.
To locate an ARRL testing session in your area, you can contact
ARRL at 203-666-1541 x282.
See also the section "Where can I find VE sessions in my local area?"
in Part 2 because more information is available via UseNet.
** What are the tests like?
First off, come prepared to VE sessions. Bring: TWO forms of ID,
one of which has a picture on it; a calculator (if necessary); a pen
and two pencils; the applicable examination fee (around $5-$6 for
1993); the original AND a copy of your current Amateur Radio license
(if you have one); the original AND a copy of any CSCEs for tests
you've already passed (if you have any).
Each of the written tests (Novice, Technician, General, Advanced,
and Extra) are generally a multiple choice test of approximately one-
tenth of the question pool. For example, if the question pool is
approximately 300 questions, then the test will be a 30-question
test. You need to get 75% correct to pass. Note that they truncate
to determine the correct number of questions. That means for a 30
question test, you need to get 22 right, which is actually only 73.3%.
Once you've paid the small fee for Technician-Extra tests, it costs
no extra to take another test, so I'd suggest you keep taking the
next more advanced test until you fail. If you pass the written
but not the Morse code (or vice versa) for a specific class license,
you have up to one year to take the other test before you would have
to retake the written test again. Note that some VEs will not allow
you to take the written test unless you've first taken the Morse code
test.
The Morse code test is a receiving test only. The test run 5 to 7
minutes. After the test, you are given a 10-question multiple-choice
or fill-in-the-blank test. Passing grade is 7 or more. If you fail
the 10-question test, the examiner team will examine your copy sheet
to see if you have 1 minute of solid copy with no errors. For 5 wpm,
that's 25 characters, for 13 wpm, that's 65 characters, for 20 wpm,
that's 100 characters. If they can find 1 minute solid copy, you've
still passed.
Hints on Morse code tests: Generally, it will be a standard QSO
(conversation), and it MUST contain at least one of each of the
following:
26 letters A-Z, 10 numbers 0-9, comma (,), period (.), slant or
slash (/), question mark (?), double dash prosign (BT), end of
message prosign (AR), end of contact prosign (SK).
The letters count as one character, all others count as two
characters. There are a couple other prosigns which are worth
knowing, but will not be on the test, like "I'm done talking, next"
is K, "I'm done talking, back to you" is KN, "Please wait" is AS.
** What can I do with a ham radio license?
There are so many things, it's a difficult question to answer, but
here's some ideas:
* Talk to people in foreign countries.
* Talk to people (both local and far away) on your drive to work.
* Help in emergencies by providing communications.
* Provide communications in parades or walkathons.
* Help other people become hams.
* Hook your computer to your radio and communicate by computers.
* Collect QSL cards (cards from other hams) from all over the
United States and foreign countries and receive awards.
* Participate in contests or Field Day events.
* Provide radio services to your local Civil Defense organization
thru ARES (Amateur Radio Emergency Service) or RACES (Radio Amateur
Civil Emergency Service).
* Aid members of the US military by joining MARS (Military Affiliate
Radio System).
* Participate in transmitter hunt games and maybe build your own
direction-finding equipment.
* Have someone to talk to on those sleepless nights at home.
* Receive weather pictures via satellites.
* Build radios, antennas, learn some electronics and radio theory.
* Talk to astronauts in space, or use the moon to bounce signals
back to people on the Earth.
* Experiment with Amateur TV (ATV), Slow-Scan TV (SSTV), or send
still-frame pictures by facsimile.
* Experiment with amateur satellite communications.
** What can't I do with an Amateur Radio license?
The most important thing you can't do is transact business of any
kind over ham radio. Interference to other hams or services, as
well as obscene, profane or indecent language is not tolerated and
is illegal. Music and broadcasting are not allowed on ham radio.
Some personal conversations may not be appropriate to Amateur Radio.
Do you really want the whole world to hear about Aunt Mabel's
hemorrhoids?
** I'm interested, who will help me?
There are hams who are willing to become "Elmers" (mentors, helpers)
in your local area. Look around and ask local hams. Search out local
radio clubs. As well, some people have volunteered to be an Elmer
over the Usenet. A list of UseNet Elmers and their e-mail addresses
is posted to the newsgroup monthly. If anyone wants to be an Elmer,
send e-mail to
elmers-request@unomaha.edu
There is also a lot to be said for exploring on your own. Take a
look around the FTP archives and e-mail servers listed in Part 2.
There's so much out there on UseNet, you'll find plenty of things
you're interested in.
** Should I build my own equipment or antenna?
[see also rec.radio.amateur.homebrew and rec.radio.amateur.antenna]
"Homebrewing" is a fun and educational part of ham radio. It is a
thrill to build your own transmitter and put it on the air. However,
building your own receiver can be quite complicated; if you don't have
electronics experience, you may want to buy a receiver instead. Most
homebrew transmitters are QRP (transmit very low power). That's fine
for an experienced ham with a very good antenna, but a Novice ham will
just get frustrated. Your first rig, therefore should NOT be a home-
brew.
Antennas can be much simpler projects than the transceiver, though
some types are also quite involved. Most hams build their own anten-
nas for base station use and buy antennas for mobile (car) use. Most
beginner ham books describe how to build different types of antennas.
Order of difficulty, from easiest to more difficult, for some common
antennas are: wire dipole, Zepp, Yagi, Quad, and Log-Periodic. Books
from many sources, including ARRL and several Hams, discuss antennas
in depth.
When building or even understanding antennas, it is good to know the
relationship between the antenna element length and the frequency or
wavelength it is designed for. An antenna performs best at multiples
of 1/4 of that wavelength, though 5/8 wave also has beneficial qualit-
ies. The wavelength is related to the frequency with the following
formula:
wavelength (in meters) = 300 / frequency (in megahertz)
You do not need a huge antenna or tower like ones you may see around
your neighborhood. Large beam antennas and 40-foot towers are very
expensive. As a beginner, a simple dipole antenna is perfectly
adequate. As you gain experience (and money :-), you may want to
invest in something bigger.
If you can afford new rigs and antennas, there are many mail order
stores that advertise in ham radio magazines. If you want to buy a
used rig, the best place is at a "hamfest" (ham flea market). You
should take along an experienced ham, since some of the used equipment
may be inoperative, overpriced or poor quality. You can also answer
ads in ham magazines or posted at ham radio stores, although often, by
the time you call, the equipment has already been sold.
------------------------------
Date: 22 Aug 1994 03:16:19 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!dog.ee.lbl.gov!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!math.ohio-state.edu!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!afabro@network.ucsd.edu
Subject: Shuttle Freqs
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
Hello,
Was wondering if anyone knows the frequencies that the shuttle uses for
communications to earth or for other uses. I have a friend who wants to try
to listen even though he doesn't have much in the way of a radio and
antenna to listen with. Sorry if this is in a FAQ somewhere.
Thanks
Tony N8RRB
afabro@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu
------------------------------
Date: 21 Aug 1994 20:04:32 -0400
From: news1.digex.net!digex.net!not-for-mail@uunet.uu.net
Subject: TEK 486 300Mhz Oscilloscope Sale/Swap
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
Selling Tek 485 O'scope. Dual channel. The 300 Mhz range does not work
but all other ranges work up to 150Mhz. Tektronix tells me it's a switch
contact. Asking $350 or will swap for Pro-43 scanner or AOR1000
(Any handheld scanner w/UHF Air). I prefer interested parties to be in
the Maryland area so those interested can come by to check out the scope
in person if they wish. E-mail me if interested.
Andy N3LCW
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 19 Aug 94 13:56:25 GMT
From: news2.new-york.net!starcomm.overleaf.com!n2ayj!n2ayj@uunet.uu.net
Subject: Whence QST?
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
A while ago, the question arose about QST (the signal). I related that it
was a Made-in-Newington Q code because that was what I was told.
Then I received the following. I pass it along in the interest of accuracy,
and because I found it mondo interesting.
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
------------------------------
Date: 22 Aug 1994 00:42:29 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!munnari.oz.au!comp.vuw.ac.nz!connolly@network.ucsd.edu
Subject: Which group for BBC?
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
Apologies in advance if this is the wrong group, but.....
I am trying to find the e-mail address for the BBC. This seems
to be the most appropriate group, but it's not quite it.
If anyone knows, I'd be grateful. I'll even accept abuse for
using the wrong group if you can tell me where I should have
looked,
Ta,
Patrick
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 22 Aug 1994 01:44:57 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!emory!wa4mei!ke4zv!gary@network.ucsd.edu
To: info-hams@ucsd.edu
References <332quu$l1h@ornews.intel.com>, <1994Aug20.174007.11384@ke4zv.atl.ga.us>, <777510136snz@arkas.demon.co.uk>
Reply-To : gary@ke4zv.atl.ga.us (Gary Coffman)
Subject : Re: Does 73 Magazine have
In article <777510136snz@arkas.demon.co.uk> Michael@arkas.demon.co.uk writes:
>Ham Radio magazine. Haven't picked up a copy for years. Is it still published?
Sadly, no. CQ bought it and closed it. All they wanted was to assume the
subscriber list to temporarily boost their circulation figures and enhance
ad revenue. I suspect few _Ham Radio_ subscribers renewed CQ after their
subscriptions ran out.
CQ did throw us a sop though. They publish _Communications Quarterly_.
As the name suggests, it comes out 4 times a year, and it's of moderately
good technical quality. About the best US amateur publication still in
print as a matter of fact. Of course the $9.95 cover price is somewhat
off putting.
If your interest in radio is even moderately technical, your best bet
is to subscribe to the RSGB magazine, or if you read Japanese, to the
Japanese _Ham Radio_ magazine. Both are much superior to any of the
remaining US publications.
That leads me to a question for our non-US readers. What is the best
amateur radio magazine in the world? Capsule reviews of non-US magazines
would be most welcome.
Gary
--
Gary Coffman KE4ZV | You make it, | gatech!wa4mei!ke4zv!gary
Destructive Testing Systems | we break it. | uunet!rsiatl!ke4zv!gary
534 Shannon Way | Guaranteed! | emory!kd4nc!ke4zv!gary
Lawrenceville, GA 30244 | | gary@ke4zv.atl.ga.us
------------------------------
Date: (null)
From: (null)
QST is a standardized Q signal from the International Conventions dating
from around 1910 or maybe the 1912 conventions. It is used as:
QST "A general call to all stations"
QST IMI "Have you received the general call to all stations?"
It was widely used in the maritime services until the middle to late
1920's, but for some reason it is not listed in any manuals after about 1927.
It is listed in Irwin's RADIO from 1922, and in the US Army Training
Circular No. 522(?) of 1922, as an international Q signal
QST was borrowed by the ARRL as its logo for the magazine in 1915, starting
with the first issue, since it was the ham equivalent of a "general
call to all stations", in print.
I have been unable to find out why it is discontinued from the published
lists after about 1927.
Bob NA4G
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Bob notes that Morse [VAIL!] has been in his family for over 100 years.
I believe he is telling the truth :-)
Cool beans, Bob. TU ES 73
--
Stan Olochwoszcz, N2AYJ - n2ayj@n2ayj.overleaf.com
"If tin whistles are made of tin, what do they make foghorns out of?" -
Lonnie Donnegan and his Skiffle Group. And the song was...?
------------------------------
End of Info-Hams Digest V94 #943
******************************